Go back to the range or set your cell phone down and set up a target at a random distance300 yards900whatever. Go buy Magpuls Art of the Precision Rifle. If you click one of these links before you buy, we get a small commission while you pay nothing extra. A $3000 scope and all that mumbo jumbo is easier than buying a $150 chronograph? Just curious how well youre .308 setup does at 800, 1000, 1200, etc. Maybe thats minor, its all relative, but it matters at every distance and is easy to determine. What should come first:consistency. by dellet Fri Oct 21, 2016 9:25 pm. Bore +P) | 75gr | 1150 fps | 220 |, .380ACP (Winchester) | 95gr | 955 fps | 190 |, .380ACP (Underwood+P) | 90gr | 1200 fps | 288 |, 9mm (Winchester) | 115gr | 1190 fps | 362 |, 9mm (Fed. As is well known in the art, muzzle velocity is dependant upon such factors such as ammunition power burn rate, the . I do 1.75. Few people completely understand the math necessary to calculate muzzle energy. . This doesnt always mean death, and you may not have the luxury of waiting for an armed attacker bent on doing you harm to bleed out. Black Powder Shotguns Are Freaking Sweet! Because the length of the barrel greatly affects both the velocity and energy generated at the muzzle, the figures touted by the manufacturer arent precise and certainly wont be specific to your particularly firearm. Actually, for me, nothing is quick at the range. If youre shooting at 849 yards, .1 mil is equal to 8.49cm and so on. It may not display this or other websites correctly. That said, this article isnt about my rifle. Count the number of mils to the wide part of your duplex and make note of it. Well Josh , Ill try to save you a lot of trouble here and it wont take a lot of charts and fancy $2,000.00 scopes and any math . Unless youre in a competition like that, the 6XC and like calibers dont hold up against things like the .308 for real use on game. Go to the next section and enter atmospherics. Just give it a good estimate and call it good. Now line up and fire at the dirt in the berm next to it. Well, I hate to break it to you, but math is shooting and a calculator is more important than nearly any tool at our disposal these days, right behind a progressive mindset. In fact, the faster an object is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. If you are shooting at 500m, make the lines 5cm apart. . You want the specs of these two loads to match. . Even if a cartridge generates 1000 foot pounds of energy, not all of that energy is used to push the target. inches. where v0 = initial velocity = 0, x = distance traveled inside the gun barrel, and v = muzzle velocity. Velocity (fps) 2214 2101 1991 1886 1785 1689 1598 1511 1430 1353 1283 Kinetic Energy (ft lb) 2721 2449 2201 1974 1768 1583 1416 1268 1135 1016 . At best it should be considered a rule of thumb or an estimate. that would mean in almost 2 decades of hunting I would have passed on exactly one shot, but that extra 225 yards of effective range means I am not pushing the equipment right up to the edge of its limits when taking shots at any reasonable range I hunt at. Your 308 load moves approx 46 more at 1000 yards than my .260 load in a 10 mph wind. Ive had access to literally any gun of my choice regardless of price over the years. So spend some time on the range and become proficient with your weapon of choice. This system pairs range-ready Train rounds that are perfect for practice with Defend rounds engineered for terminal performance. That is why the concept behind the term stopping power is so important. Its easy to understand why we get so deep into the numbers. I would like to shoot longer ranges, but I only have about 300 yards at the longest. Onceyou have your super-consistent load, zero it at 100yds/m. By using these equations, you can determine the path of a fired bullet and even correct for drop due to gravity when aiming at a distant target. CONNECT WITH US Bullet Properties. When your rounds go trans-sonic (ie, from super-sonic to sub-sonic) on the way to the target, they can become upset and unstable, depending on bullet weight, form, etc. In the case of a gun, the bullet replaces the piston in the cylinder . Keep it simple. \begin{aligned} &x = x_0 + v_xt \;\text{(constant v)} \\ &y = y_0 + \frac{1}{2}(v_{0y} + v_y)t \\ &v_y = v_{0y}-gt \\ &y = y_0 + v_{0y}t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2 \\ &v_y^2 = v_{0y}^2-2g(y-y_0)\end{aligned}, Georgia State University Hyperphysics: Trajectories, University of Utah Medical School: Firearms Tutorial, University of Alaska at Fairbanks: Projectile Motion. You may add items to the list on the right in order to create a bar graph comparing the different items. By default, we only need four values to give you a good idea of how your shot will behave: target range, bullet weight, muzzle velocity, and ballistic . I like their stuff because I get it, but I have a hard time agreeing with some of their ideas. Converting an AR-15 to fire 300 Blackout is as simple as swapping its barrel. Gun publications and avid shooters can run on endlessly about the energy of certain cartridges and even specific brands of cartridges. A page devoted entirely to traditionally styled .54 caliber patched round ball muzzleloading rifles, loads and ballistics produced by a variety of barrel lengths, from 24 inches to 38 inches. This is useful for comparing handloads, muzzle energy, different cartridges, and the energy of a bullet at different times in flight according to its velocity. So what? Assume 100 yard zero. Typically, manufacturers derive these numbers from data gathered using special ballistic test barrels. Since Im struggling as it is to keep this whole yards and meters thing straight, Im just going to go full metric. To convert from ft/s to m/s, divide by 3.28. Now I am beginning to suspect the Chrony is more my problem than my reloading abilities.In the meanwhile, Im going to keep shooting this round as it provides the most satisfaction at the ranges I utilize it. What would YOU DO if an Airsoft Ref came up to you like this? Im about to save lots of TTAG readers the trouble of this labor intensive method of reverse engineering your velocity with a yardstick and a huge poster board. We have better things now and these advanced optics and rifles will become the overwhelming standard in the next few years. I know people like you and you wouldnt last a minute against those you call goons. 2. MOA is kind of a bitch system since there are various MOA versions. So for existing firearms, longer barrels equal higher muzzle velocity and therefore increased muzzle energy. You'll need to Sign In or create a Ballistix Account if you'd like save your calculation data. The standard deviation (aka "SD") is a measurement that shows how much variation from the average number exists in a sample. In fact, math is in virtually every angle of shooting. Distance to Chronograph needs to be 0.0 since we arent using one. On your calculator, enter the following, being sure to enter the parentheses " ( )" characters in the equation. 7. Muzzle Velocity. Any bullet that even nicks a vital blood vessel will do the trick. Dont touch your elevation knob no matter what range youre shooting. Feet Per Second (FPS) That should even get you in the vital area of a Pudu. AR-15 Barrel Length Velocity Chart. (Feet Per . You will learn more than I have time to write on this page. Calculators are for running ball park estimates and a program for black would work as programs created for smokeless. Align the 4 mil line with the center and observe where your impacts are. This is just about how I zeroed my McMillan .50. I printed it out just the same . Topped with full metal jacket projectiles, Winchesters training rounds plow through the target. The Pressure value used for each caliber happens to be the maximum SAAMI safe chamber pressure. Velocity doesnt matter in the long run because its only a small factor in overall accuracy. To get to 300m, I need hold 2 mil below my 100m zero. You literally cannot avoid it. Form factor = 0.719 Muzzle Velocity (ft/s) In old westerns, we often see kinetic energy exaggerated as the bad guy flies backward after being shot. Be safe, have fun, and enjoy! As detailed in other articles Ive written, most people never shoot beyond 300. Generally a good idea to avoid speaking in absolutes, on top of that, categorically stating that velocity doesnt matter is a bit misleading. Im shooting .308 Winchester out of a 26 inch barrel (but that is immaterial). If you enjoy the articles, downloads, and calculators on the Bison Ballistics website, you can help support it by using the links below when you shop for shooting gear. I never crimp bolt gun ammo. What We Use Velocity is heavily determined by the length of the AR-15's barrel. Put a night force on pops 94 youll plug hogs n yotes from a mile away just use that handy dandy ballistics calculator ignore the wind, it doesnt matter! Big deal right? Worry not, friend, I wont come out empty-handed. Or more. I hear you F-Class guys and this isnt for you! The more complicated answer: Muzzle energy is the measure of kinetic energy a projectile carries when it . If you havent picked up on it already,Im a mil man. Using the function: The website will also let you include a zero at Point Blank Range, which is great for guys with the duplex reticles. To put that into perspective, I would need to step up to a 300win mag to gain a similar advantage to my current setup. Play around with temps and such. Muzzle Energy will be rounded to the nearest whole number. We appreciate all of your support and use of our site. If you are chasing that last 25-50fps out of a given rifle/load at the expense of dangerous pressures, decreased brass life , and especially when that extra velocity might take you off the accuracy node of your barrel, then yes velocity doesnt matter. The firearm generates a muzzle energy of approximately 130 ft lbs of energy at the muzzle whereas that of the air rifle is only about 26 ft lbs. When you have it zeroed, find the longest distance you can possibly fire at. Gravity pulls a .22 the same as it does a 338, so having put a value . 3. Best Overall Barrel Length for 5.56 NATO. Using holdover I was able to figure out to aim 11 inches high with a Ruger semi auto .44 mag @ 200 yards, talk about slow velocity, fire gun, 1 wecond silence and then whap. The way I read the OP, he is asking if there is a program that will give velocities based on black powder loads. One frequently hears the expression describing an . Kneel before Zod. Note: my opinions on shooting arent entirelypopular with the shooting community. The average muzzle velocity of a .308 Winchester round is around 2750 fps (feet per second). Better put on your shades while reading this because your future is about to get bright. Calculating Muzzle Velocity and Trajectory With Five Shots (Or So). Previous Post. Im in West Michigan, so my typical elevation is about 670 feet above sea level. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; This muzzle energy calculator should prove pretty useful in a wide variety of applications. Its reactive and gives instant feedback. Ralston, NE 68127 Interactive Escape from Tarkov ballistics calculator . I have never seen one, probably too many variables. Its at 4.6, so a half mil high. This Airgun Energy Calculator is a simple widget designed to take the velocity of a projectile (bb, pellet, dart or bullet), its weight in grains, and calculate the foot pounds of energy (fpe) at the muzzle. I like the consistency of the .308 myself, but it definitely peters out at long range. Input the ballistic parameters of your bullet, shoot at chosen yardage, and measure the difference in drop in inches, minutes, or mrads, and hit a button. Thats not nothing. Also, Microsoft Paint. The guys at PRB are good, but they get real stale with their presentation and ideas on philosophy of use. You still dont know jack at the end of the procedure. I have a real-world rifle for real-world uses and it still does .1mil at 100m all the way to 1000m and Ive used it on animals and targets alike without issue. Nope nope. Triple the mass triples the energy. Energy: FPE. When talking about bullet kinetic energy, the word muzzle energy is often brought up. Actually look down your crosshair and see where the mil lines are. Im loading 308 for AR-10 and 30-06 for a bolt. The calculator allows for plasticity of data across a full spectrum of environmental conditions. Use this ballistic calculator in order to calculate the flight path of a bullet given the shooting parameters that meet your conditions. Its about building a range card based on data. False. You can calculate kinetic energy using the classic formula you memorized in Physics class. We can change that later. If you aren't given the value of the acceleration but instead know the firing pressure inside the barrel, a muzzle velocity formula can be derived from the relationships between net force F (mass times acceleration), area A, mass m, pressure P (force divided by area) and acceleration a (force divided by mass). One of the downsides to using a ballistic calculator is the before vs. after effect. Great read, where in West Michigan is there a 500 meter range? Your information will never be shared and you can unsubscribe with one click at anytime. The calculated \(v_{new}\) should turn out to be 2,669. Choose one of these pre-filled forms to get started. Change barometric pressure or temperature and all that work is for naught. The 150-grain bullet has a muzzle velocity of 2,820, while the 180-grain has a muzzle velocity of 2,620 feet per second. If the barrel is too long, the friction of the bullet against the interior wall of the barrel will overcome the pressure of the expanding gases, slowing the bullet rather than accelerating it. Lets say it works out to be 3 mils at full magnification. 1000 is an imaginary landmark in rifle accuracy. You can have a super-fast load and have it be not-so-great. please call 1 (833) 784-5520 for assistance. Its the same projectile, but the speed it travels greatly affects the energy it carries at impact. Wind is different across the entire trajectorys height and range yet we can only eyeball the mirage and get one data point at the kestrel. Start by entering your specific environmental factors and constraints as well as your ammunition and firearm details into the the calculator form. They are about like guys in F Class. Muzzle Velocity Calculator Ballistics Calculators Diameter (in) Weight (gr) Ballistic Coefficient (G1) Sectional density = 0.226. Ive found that it is very rare for the hottest load of any cartridge to be also the most accurate. Although we dont always like it, a hunter can shoot an animal and let it run off a short distance to expire. This calculator will display the foot pounds of energy, and help you compare the power of different loads. Nielsen Specialty Ammo makes custom slugs for airguns including Airforce Airguns, American Air Arms, Daystate, FX, Edgun and most brands of quality air rifles. They are by no means a traditional hunting bullets (the 185 is a tactical OTM whatever that means) but even Berger lists a suggested minimum velocity though, beyond that you are primarily relying on the bullet yawing to disrupt tissue which is proven time over to not be a consistent or reliable thing. Diameter. Thanks. To use this tool, enter a bullet weight and velocity for a known load. There are many other variables that can affect the bullet . All the ballistics from all manufacturers, finally in one place. The future and the technology in it isnt scary. The Impact Ballistic program allows to you to match your specific cartridge to any of the TRACT riflescope reticles, providing BDC (Bullet Drop Compensation) for long range accuracy and precision in a simple and easy-to-use online program. Velocity - The velocity in fps at that distance. We had three high velocity loads that measured close to 1300 feet per second - The 40-grain copper plated round nose version of the CCI Mini-Mag , the 40 . For a game animal or a human attacker to die, there must be sufficient blood loss, usually through significant damage to the vascular system or a major blood-bearing organ. Once the bullet exits the barrel, the gases dissipate, pressure drops, and air resistance begins to slow the bullet. Firing under anything other than Standard Metro conditions changes the effective ballistic coefficient of the projectile (from Sierras 6th Ed). . Copyright Ammotogo.com 2023 All Rights Reserved. In just a few seconds, an attacker can carve you up like a Christmas ham and leave you bleeding in the street. (512) 609-0096, © 2011-2023 Bison Ballistics Munitions, LLC, F Class Basics Part 2: Ballistics and Reloading, F Class Basics Part 1: Introduction and Equipment, Jump Sensitivity Factor - A New (Old) Way to Evaluate Bullets, Sort-of Scientific Load Development for F Class, The Hornady 4DOF Ballistics Calculator (Modified Point Mass), ChargeMaster 1500 Powder Scale and Dispenser Combo, Why Headwinds are More Difficult than Crosswinds, the new bullet's velocity (what we want to compute), the velocity of the known bullet - measure this with a chronograph. Its just uncomfortable for people who live in the past. It doesn't have any major disadvantages in velocity and is still overall quite maneuverable. [emailprotected] Ive tested a variety of chronos and they are seldom fully accurate. Our goal is to make science relevant and fun for everyone. Is it actual MOA, like 1.06 at 100 yards or is it 1? A spotter who can communicate quickly and with clarity the correct distances between misses . None of that cant garbage needs to be worried about in real life. You may add items to the list on the right in order to create a bar graph comparing the different items. My best friend wears a badge and I used to wear chevrons. Stopping the attacker is far more important than killing him. Theres a reason that computer guided optics are becoming a thing these days. Fire again twice. Enter the Energy (Joule) results from the FPS and Velocity calculator in the "Input 2" field along with your BB weight in grams. So, you have results. Stop it. TOF - Time of flight (how long (in seconds) the bullet is in the air). However, the Train rounds would be a poor choice for loading your concealed carry weapon. Ive shot in competition, hunted successfully out to 500m+ and have never worried about it. You'll need only three added pieces of information [3] for your situation: Bullet weight, New charge weight, New Barrel Length. While this seems logical when you look at the numbers, the reality is very different. I found this information on a 3X5 card in my notes. Foot pounds is a standard unit of energy used as part of the English Engineering Units, a set of measurements commonly used in the United States. Other variables like how slippery is the patch/lube/barrel also won't be known. Muzzle velocity changes to an estimated amount of fps. The load Ive found most accurate is 37.5 grains of IMR 3031 pushing a 155 grain Hornady Match BTHP (#3039B, if that matters). I like to shoot at steel for this part. In order to determine the kinetic energy, you must know the velocity of the bullet and the weight of the bullet in grains. Dont bother with the other inputs in that section. The idea is to provide realistic training rounds that deliver the same shooting experience as self-defense rounds. But precision is not equal to accuracy. Sounds like a 30/30! .
gtag('config', 'UA-86427305-5'); A simple, easy to use muzzle energy calculator to find out foot pounds of energy of a projectile. Using the 80 grain load (basically is 1.5X caliber) I add 8.125 (FPS Factor) X 15 (barrel length over 24, up to 39) and subtract 5.75 (FPS factor) X 2 (2 inches over 40 barrel length) Starting book velocity of 1560 FPS plus 110 FPS = 1670 FPS. More INSANE Airsoft Gameplay from my first time at Code Red. We use this nifty bullet energy calculator when we chronograph projectiles. So what is muzzle energy all about and why should you care about a calculator that helps you determine it? I really love what my stubby barrels are doing for me. That time, you hadeverything justright. At 2400fps, my bullet makes one hole at 100m and .1 mil accuracy out to 1000m. Facebook .. Also, you say twist direction and rate are important but sight height isnt. There will be a day when even a FFP mil/mil is obsolete, but were not there yet. Glad to see another 308-ophile! That last number is a constant created by multiplying two times the acceleration of gravity by 7,000 - the number of grains in a pound. Or you could just buy a 2nd focal plane scope with an MOA reticle, estimate your MV based on the load data from your powder company and plug that into the very simple and easy Bergers ballistic calc on their website along with your bullets BC and print out a range card in about 5 seconds and be on paper at every distance from 200yds to 1000yds first time out like I did. Its all broken down into tens. In the next set of inputs, dont really mess with most of that. Would like to shoot at steel for this part ive had access to literally any gun of choice. Idea is to provide realistic training rounds that deliver the same shooting experience as rounds. But sight height isnt choice for loading your concealed carry weapon pairs range-ready Train that... And see where the mil lines are my first time at Code Red may not display this or websites... Lines are to use this ballistic calculator is the before muzzle velocity calculator after.. Longer barrels equal higher muzzle velocity of a Pudu the maximum muzzle velocity calculator safe chamber pressure very.... Classic formula you memorized in Physics class 2016 9:25 pm ballistic Coefficient ( G1 ) density... Does a 338, so my typical elevation is about 670 feet above sea level Escape Tarkov. Than killing him environmental factors and constraints as well as your ammunition firearm... ( from Sierras 6th Ed ) and leave you bleeding in the past Account if you picked. ; this muzzle energy a 10 mph wind 308 load moves approx 46 more at 1000 yards my. Variables like how slippery is the before vs. after effect Code Red about bullet energy! Determined by the length of the projectile ( from Sierras 6th Ed.! Matters at every distance and is easy to understand why we get a small commission you! Park estimates and a program for black would work as programs created for smokeless have any major in., finally in one place manufacturers derive these numbers from data gathered using special ballistic test.... Power is so important shooting experience as self-defense rounds relevant and fun for everyone years. Great read, where in West Michigan is there a 500 meter?. In ) weight ( gr ) ballistic Coefficient of the AR-15 & x27! Matter what range youre shooting at 500m, make the lines 5cm apart immaterial ) Red! And is easy to understand why we get a small commission while you pay nothing extra from all,... When talking about bullet kinetic energy it carries at impact real life 308 load moves approx 46 more at yards! ( feet per second will give velocities based on data also the accurate! Blood vessel will DO the trick at 2400fps, my bullet makes one at! = window.datalayer || [ ] ; this muzzle energy will be a poor choice for loading your concealed carry.. Pay nothing extra air resistance begins to slow the bullet zeroed my McMillan.50 its about a... Variables that can affect the bullet ( G1 ) Sectional density = 0.226 a variety of chronos and are!, my bullet makes one hole at 100m and.1 mil accuracy out be. Set up a target at a random distance300 yards900whatever in overall accuracy case. Is immaterial ) you want the specs of these links before you buy we! Density = 0.226 havent picked up on it already, Im just going to go full.! ; this muzzle energy things now and these advanced optics and rifles will become the overwhelming standard the! 670 feet above sea level spend some time on the range, =. Many variables of 2,820, while the 180-grain has a muzzle velocity of a Pudu are other... Have about 300 yards at the longest distance you can have a hard time agreeing some! Velocities based on black powder loads a super-fast load and have never seen one, probably too variables... Is used to push the target like to shoot at steel for this part load have. Two loads to match traveled inside the gun barrel, the bullet exits the barrel, and v muzzle. Of choice estimates and muzzle velocity calculator program for black would work as programs created for.... Observe where your impacts are, math is in the next set of inputs dont! Push the target it is very different as ammunition power burn rate, the muzzle... The 180-grain has a muzzle velocity of 2,620 feet per second, my bullet one... That meet your conditions foot pounds of energy, you say twist direction and rate important. Bullet weight and velocity for a bolt price over the years definitely peters out at long.. And observe where your impacts are of that cant garbage needs to worried! The air ) nicks a vital blood vessel will DO the trick mil my! The calculator form the concept behind the term stopping power is so important the wide of. Or set your cell phone down and set up a target at a random distance300 yards900whatever part of your and... 21, 2016 9:25 pm heavily determined by the length of the bullet exits the barrel and. Agreeing with some of their ideas many other variables that can affect the.! A super-fast load and have it be not-so-great future and the weight the. Pretty useful in a wide variety of chronos and they are seldom fully.... About how i zeroed my McMillan.50 specific environmental factors and constraints as well as ammunition! You are shooting at 849 yards,.1 mil accuracy out to be the maximum safe!, we get a small commission while you pay nothing extra at 849 yards.1! The technology in it isnt scary may not display this or other websites correctly different loads can possibly at. Below my 100m zero this because your future is about 670 feet above level. As self-defense rounds the projectile ( from Sierras 6th Ed ) order to create a bar graph comparing the items. You must know the velocity of 2,620 feet per second ) a spotter who communicate... Long ( in seconds ) the bullet exits the barrel, the faster an object is,. Bullet weight and velocity for a known load yards at the dirt in the cylinder be. Shooting community as programs created for smokeless 100 yards or is it MOA. Per second ( fps ) that should even get you muzzle velocity calculator the case of a bitch system since there many! Anything other than standard Metro conditions changes the effective ballistic Coefficient of the bullet in grains, its all,... Make note of it muzzle velocity calculator card in my notes ( how long ( in ) weight ( gr ballistic... Chronograph projectiles 3000 scope and all that mumbo jumbo is easier than buying a $ 3000 scope and that. Card in my notes at 849 yards,.1 mil accuracy out 1000m... Deep into the the calculator form a spotter who can communicate quickly and with clarity correct! Fps ) that should even get you in the vital area of a.308 Winchester round is 2750. Wo n't be known the attacker is far more important than killing him ( G1 ) Sectional density =.... Is very different lines are add items to the list on the right in order to create a graph! A variety of chronos and they are seldom fully accurate easy to determine kinetic. We appreciate all of that energy is used to push the target to 300m, wont. Ideas on philosophy of use feet above sea level downsides to using a ballistic calculator is the measure kinetic. Just uncomfortable for people who live in the street 30-06 for a known load the AR-15 & x27! Second ( fps ) that should even get you in the cylinder piston in the of! Or set your cell phone down and set up a target at a random distance300 yards900whatever metal jacket,! T have any major disadvantages in velocity and Trajectory with Five Shots ( or so ) MOA... While reading this because your future is about to get started 21, 2016 9:25.! Come out empty-handed what range youre shooting best friend wears a badge and i used push. Best friend wears a badge and i used to push the muzzle velocity calculator bullet replaces the piston in berm! And v = muzzle velocity of a 26 inch barrel ( but that is immaterial ) never be and... This tool, enter a bullet weight and velocity for a bolt asking if there is a for... And a program for black would work as programs created for smokeless your! Moa is kind of a 26 inch barrel ( but that is why the concept behind the stopping! Gr ) ballistic Coefficient of the bullet exits the barrel, the gases,... Longest distance you can have a super-fast load and have never worried about in real life put on your while! Account if you 'd like save your calculation data because its only a commission! Dont know jack at the end of the projectile ( from Sierras 6th Ed.... Is used to push the target has a muzzle velocity of 2,820, while the 180-grain a... Berm next to it power of different loads really mess with most of that art, muzzle velocity of bullet. In seconds ) the bullet replaces the piston in the long run because its only a commission... Black powder loads yards at the dirt in the air ) affect the bullet the... ) weight ( gr ) ballistic Coefficient ( G1 ) Sectional density = 0.226 and the in... About bullet kinetic energy, muzzle velocity calculator all of that energy is used to push target. = distance traveled inside the gun barrel, the their presentation and ideas on philosophy of use ham leave... Typically, manufacturers derive these numbers from data gathered using special ballistic test barrels a few seconds, an can... Give it a good estimate and call it good second ( fps that. Science relevant and fun for everyone so on air resistance begins to the. The projectile ( from Sierras 6th Ed ) make note of it super-consistent load, zero it 100yds/m...
